You can switch with CTRL+ALT+F1 through F7 (or go as high as F12) but how do you do it with a command?
chvt
So if you type this from an Ubuntu 17.10 terminal window:
sudo chvt 5; sleep 2; sudo chvt 2
That will switch you to vt 5, sleep for a couple of seconds, then switch you back to the graphics screen desktop on vt 2.
Silly fun!
What's kind of interesting is that if you do something like:
sudo chvt 5; date; sleep 2; date; sudo chvt 2; date
the system doesn't actually update the graphics screen with the output of the date commands until you have switched back to the graphics screen on vt 2.